Olfactory adaptation and cross-adapting agents to reduce the perception of body odors

ABSTRACT

Deodorant compositions are disclosed comprising a cross-adapting agent, alone or in combination with other such agents, in an amount effective to reduce perception of malodor. Deodorant compositions are also disclosed comprising a cross-adapting agent, alone or in combination with other such agents, in an amount effective to reduce perception of gender-specific malodor. The methods feature reducing perceived body odor comprising administering a deodorant composition wherein the composition comprises an amount of cross-adapting agent effective to reduce perception of such odor. Other methods feature blocking perceived body odor comprising administering a deodorant composition wherein the composition comprises an amount of cross-adapting agent effective to occupy an odorant receptor site, thereby blocking interaction of the site with other odorants. Methods of making deodorant compositions are also provided wherein a cross-adapting agent, alone or in combination with other such agents, are included in an amount effective to reduce perception of malodor.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) fromprovisional U.S. Application Ser. Nos. 60/349,111, filed on Jan. 16,2002, and 60/390,313, filed Jun. 21, 2002, and is a continuation ofapplication Ser. No. 10/342,626, filed on Jan. 15, 2002, all of whichare incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to human olfactory adaptation, includinghuman olfactory cross-adaptation, and to methods, cross-adapting agentsand compositions to reduce the perception of body odors, includinggender-specific body odors.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Olfactory adaptation is a phenomenon that is generally understood toinclude a decrease in sensitivity to an odorant that results fromexposure to that odorant. Such adaptation can result, at least in part,from peripheral events, such as fatigue of the receptor.

Cross-adaptation is a phenomenon that is generally understood to includea decrease in sensitivity to one odorant, e.g., odorant B, that resultsfrom exposure to a different odorant, e.g., odorant A. Cross-adaptationcan result from competition for receptor sites in the periphery. Forexample, when odorant A occupies the receptors that would bepreferentially occupied by odorant B, it may induce cross-adaptation inthat receptor and desensitize the population of receptors to odorant B.

Alternatively, cross-adaptation can result from the processing ofinformation about odors within brain circuitry. For example, if odorantsA and B both utilize, at least in part, the same circuits, and thesystem is occupied by processing information about odorant A, then theindividual will be less sensitive to odorant B because there iscompeting information being processed. If odorant B is an unpleasant orunwanted odor, for example, that of underarm sweat, also called axillaryodor, and odorant A is a pleasant-smelling odorant or fragrance, thenthe presence of the pleasant-smelling odorant could act as across-adapting agent to diminish the impact of the axillary odor.

Body odors, including axillary odors, are produced by males and females.It is generally recognized that both sexes produce more axillary odorsduring times of stress and/or strong emotional situations. The apocrineglands are sensitive to blood levels of epinephrine (adrenaline). Stressand other strong emotional situations increase blood levels ofadrenaline causing the apocrine glands to rapidly secrete relativelylarge amounts of their contents to the skin surface. Stress-derivedaxillary odor is produced during episodes of high apocrine gland outputvia rapid metabolism of apocrine gland-rich axillary secretions bycutaneous axillary bacteria.

Although it is often desirable to reduce the perception of malodors byboth sexes, females are known to be more sensitive to a number ofodorants including, but not limited to, axillary odorants and display,on average, greater olfactory sensitivity to odorants than males. Inaddition, females exhibit greater olfactory sensitivity to odorants atcertain times in their menstrual cycle. It is desirable to identifymethods and agents for reducing the perception of male and female bodyodors by women, as well as the perception of male and female body odorsby men.

Agents that are capable of reducing the perception of body odors may beused in cosmetic and personal products, including, but not limited to,gender-specific cosmetics and personal products. They may also be usedin compositions that reduce the perception of malodors, includinggender-specific malodors. For example, it could be desirable to includecross-adapting agents in goods directed to females that selectivelyblock or reduce male or female malodors. Similarly, it could bedesirable to include fragrances in goods directed to males thatselectively block or reduce male or female malodors. It could also bedesirable to use such agents in compositions and methods that are notgender-specific.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides deodorant compositions comprising atleast one cross-adapting agent alone or in combination with other suchagents, in an amount effective to reduce perception of male and femalemalodor. The present invention also provides gender-specific deodorantcompositions comprising at least one cross-adapting agent alone or incombination with other such agents, in an amount effective to reduceperception of male malodor. The present invention further provides othergender-specific deodorant compositions comprising at least onecross-adapting agent alone or in combination with other such agents, inan amount effective to reduce perception of female malodor. Suchmalodors may include, but are not limited to, axillary odors, whether ornot such axillary odors are stress-derived.

In one preferred embodiment, the cross-adapting agent or combination ofsuch agents comprises from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of thedeodorant composition.

The present invention also provides methods of reducing perception ofbody odor or malodor comprising administering a deodorant compositionthat includes a cross-adapting agent alone or in combination with othersuch agents in an amount effective to reduce perception of male andfemale body odor. The present invention also provides methods ofreducing perceived male body odor or malodor, as well as methods ofreducing perceived female body odor comprising administering a deodorantcomposition comprising an amount of cross-adapting agent effective toreduce perception of a gender specific body odor.

Further, the present invention provides methods of blocking male orfemale body odor by administering deodorant compositions comprising anamount of cross-adapting agent or combination of such agents effectiveto occupy an odorant receptor site thereby blocking interaction of thesite with other odorants.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, methods are providedfor making a deodorant composition comprising providing a cross-adaptingagent alone or in combination with other such agents in an amounteffective to reduce perception of malodor.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Cross-adaptation has been found to be an effective methodology forinhibiting the perception of body malodors. It has been found thatsignificant cross-adaptation may occur between certain adapting agentsand malodors, including gender-specific malodors. For example, it hasbeen found that certain adapting agents reduce the perceived intensityby females of the body odor from males. Also, it has been found thatcertain adapting agents reduce the perceived intensity by males of thebody odor from males. In addition, it has been found that certainadapting agents reduce the perceived intensity by males of the body odorfrom females. Finally, it has been found that certain adapting agentsreduce the perceived intensity by females of the body odor from females.For the malodors from each gender, these include axillary odors.

The terms “a, an, and the” are used herein include the plurals of thosesame words.

The term “malodor” as used herein refers to an odorant that may beperceived by some to be unpleasant, including but not limited to bodyodor, odors originating from bathrooms, clothes hampers, locker rooms,gymnasiums, and the like.

The term “body odor” as used herein refers to a malodor associated withand/or that emanates from the human body including, but not limited to,axillary odor, fecal/urine odors, and odors related to the femalemenstrual cycle.

The term “axillary odor” as used herein refers to a malodor from humanarmpits including, but not limited to, apocrine secretions and/or odorsgenerated from stress.

The term “stress-derived axillary odor” as used herein refers toaxillary odor resulting from bacterial metabolism or base hydrolysis ofapocrine gland secretions.

The term “cross-adapting agent” as used herein refers, withoutlimitation, to any adapting agent, odorant, compound, agent, fragrance,or combination thereof that is effective in reducing or blocking theperception of a malodor after exposure to the cross-adapting agent.

The term “reducing” as used herein refers to a decrease in sensitivityto an odorant, or its perceived intensity, through the process ofadaptation or cross-adaptation.

The term “blocking” as used herein refers to the ability of across-adapting agent to occupy an odorant receptor site and blockinteraction of the site with other odorants.

The term “deodorant composition” as used herein refers to an item orproduct or cosmetic that may be used to reduce the perceived intensityor block malodor. The deodorant composition may be used for a localitysuch as human axillae, a bathroom, a clothes hamper, a locker room, agymnasium, or on a surface. Such deodorants may be distributed ordispersed in, on, or around the area of the locality by methods known tothose in the art, such as by spraying or by evaporation of a liquid orsolid containing at least one cross-adapting agent. Suitable carriersare known to those skilled in the art and vary depending upon the methodof distribution or dispersement of the deodorant.

In general, the proposed compositions and methods use and/or incorporateinto products cross-adapting agents (alone or in combination) to blockand/or reduce the perception of malodors, including body odors, such asaxillary odors, fecal/urine odors, and odors related to the femalemenstrual cycle. Useful cross-adapting agents include agrumex(2-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate; 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-cyclohexanylacetate); C14 aldehyde (1,4 undecanolide; gamma-undecalactone);ambrettolide (cyclohexadec-6-olide; oxacycloheptadec-10-en-2-one;omega-6-hexadecenlactone; 6-hexadecanolide); anisic aldehyde(4-methoxybenzaldehyde); calone 1951(7-methyl-314-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-3-one); l-carvone(1-1menthyl-4-iso-propenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-one; carvol), CEDRAIVIBER®(cedryl methyl ether); citronellol 950 (3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol);citrylal (Octa-2,6-dien;1,1 -dimethoxy-3-7-dimethyl) as supplied byHaarmann & Reimer, Product No. 690980; CLARITONE®(2,4,4,7-tetramethyl-oct-6-en-3-one), cpd supra (15-pentadecalactone;cyclopentadecanolide supra; oxacyclohexadecan-2-one); α-damascone(1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one); Δ-damascone(1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one); datilat(Cyclohexyl methyl carbinol crotonate) dihydromyrcenol(3-methylenE-7-methyloctanol-7; 2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol); dynascone 10(1-(5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)4-penten-1-one); ethyl vanillin(3-Ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde); eugenol(2-methoxy-1-hydroxy-4-allylbenzene); evernyl (methyl2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate; 4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol;4-allylguaiacol); FARENAL® (2,6,10-trimethyl-9-undecenal); floropal(2,4,6-trimethyl-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane); GLOBALIDE®(oxacyclohexadecen-2-one); GLOBANONE® (cyclohexadecen-5-one-1;cyclohexadecenone); HEDIONE° (methyl dihydro jasmonate); cis-3-hexenol(cis-3-hexenol-1-ol); hexyl salicylate (hexyl-2-hydroxybenzoate);hexylcinnamic aldehyde (alpha-hexylcinnamaldehyde); α-ionone(4-(2,2,6-trimethyl-2cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one); β-ionone(4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one); ISO E SUPER®(octahydro-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl-2-acetonaphthone; and2-acetyl-1,2,3,4,6,7,8-octahydro-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl naphalene);isoananat (allyl cyclohexyloxyacetate); isoraldeine 70(alpha-n-methylionone; cyclocitrylidene methyl ethyl ketone); lilial(p-tert-butyl-alpha-methyldihydrocinnamaic aldehyde;4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-alpha-methylbenzenepropanal; p-t-bucinal), lyral(4-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)-3-cyclohexenE-1-carboxaldehyde));MAJANTOL® (2,2-dimethyl-3-(methylphenyl)propanol); menthyl acetate rf(4-menthyl-3-yl acetate); mugetanol (1-(4-isopropylcyclohexyl)ethanol);nerolione (1-(3-bethyl-2-benzofuranyl)-ethanone); E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters; H&R odor neutralizer (supplied byHaarmann and Reimer, Product No. D61012); oryclone special(4-tertbutylcyclohexyl acetate; 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl) cyclohexylacetate); patchouli oil; phenylethyl alcohol; E-isomer of3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester; E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-octenoicacid ethyl ester; Z-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester;rosaphen® (2-methyl-5-phenylpentan-1-ol); rose oxide he(4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran)IsobornylCyclohexanol (isobornyl cyclohexanol); Sandranol®(2-ethyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl)-2-buten-1-ol);tetrahydro linalool (3,7-Dimethyloctan-3-ol); timbranol(Isomethyltetrahydroionol); tonalide(7-Acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyltetralin); and vertocitral(2,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexene-l-carboxaldehyde).

In selecting an agent or agents for use in the described methods andcompositions, a magnitude of reduction in the intensity of odor is arelevant consideration. For example, agents that produce a highreduction in the intensity of a malodor can be described as “best,”agents that show a moderate reduction can be labeled as “good,” andagents that have the least effect on reducing the magnitude of malodorintensity can be described as “poor.” “Best”, “good”, and “poor”describe the magnitude of cross-adaptation that an agent exhibitsagainst a malodor and do not necessarily rely upon the results ofstatistical evaluations. A product can be constructed in a way toinclude as many “best” or “good” materials as desirable, but the use of“poor” materials is not precluded. The use of poor agents may bedesirable based on, for example, economics or hedonics, and “poor”agents may, in some instances, be combined with “good” or “best” agentsin order to achieve a desired reduction or blockage of malodor. By usingat least one or a combination of “best” and “good” materials in aproduct, the effectiveness in reducing and/or blocking malodors,including stress-derived axillary odor, may be increased.

The present invention provides deodorant compositions comprising atleast one cross-adapting agent alone or in combination with other suchagents, in an amount effective to reduce perception of male and femalemalodor. The present invention also provides gender-specific deodorantcompositions comprising at least one cross-adapting agent alone or incombination with other such agents, in an amount effective to reduceperception of male malodor. The present invention further provides othergender-specific deodorant compositions comprising at least onecross-adapting agent alone or in combination with other such agents, inan amount effective to reduce perception of female malodor. Suchmalodors may include, but are not limited to, axiallary odors, whetheror not such axillary odors are stress-derived.

In one preferred embodiment, the cross-adapting agent or combination ofsuch agents comprises from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of thedeodorant composition.

Cross-adapting agents that have been identified by a group of subjectstested to be “best” or “good” for reducing and/or blocking either maleor female malodors include agrumex, C14 aldehyde, ambrettolide, anisicaldehyde, calone 1951, l-carvone, CEDRAMBER®, citronellol 950, citrylal,CLARITONE®, cpd supra, α-damascone, Δ-damascone, dihydromyrcenol,dynascone 10, ethyl vanillin, eugenol, evernyl, FARENAL®, floropal,GLOBALIDE®, GLOBANONE®, cis-3-hexenol, hexyl salicylate, hexylcinnamicaldehyde, α-ionone, β-ionone, isoananat, isoraldeine 70, lilial, lyral,MAJANTOL®, menthyl acetate rf, mugetanol, nerolione, E-, Z-isomers (3:1)of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters, H&R odor neutralizer (D61012),oryclone special, patchouli oil, phenylethyl alcohol, E-isomer of3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester, E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-octenoicacid ethyl ester, Z-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester,rosaphen®, rose oxide hc, Isobornyl Cyclohexanol, Sandranol®, tetrahydrolinalool, tonalide, and vertocitral.

In a preferred embodiment, the compositions and methods for reducingperception of malodor utilize one or more cross-adapting agents selectedfrom a group that includes ambrettolide, calone 1951, citrylal, cpdsupra, dihydromyrcenol, GLOBALIDE®, GLOBANONE®, lilial, lyral, E-,Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters, H&R odorneutralizer (D61012), E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester,E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl ester, Z-isomer of3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester, and vertocitral.

Cross-adapting agents that have been identified by a group of menperceiving male malodor to be “best” include l-carvone, citrylal,CLARITONE®, Δ-damascone, dihydromyrcenol, dynascone 10, eugenol,isoananat, menthyl acetate rf, E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters, H&R odor neutralizer (D61012),Z-isomer 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester, rosaphen®, andtertahydro linalool. Cross-adapting agents that were rated by this groupas “good” include agrumex, C14 aldehyde, CEDRAMBER®, citronellol 950,floropal, GLOBALIDE®, cis-3-hexenol, hexylcinnamic aldehyde, mugetanol,nerolione, oryclone special, phenylethyl alcohol, E-isomer3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester, Isobornyl Cyclohexanol,Sandranol®, tonalide, and vertocitral. These may be utilized, alone orin combination with other cross-adapting agent(s), in preferredembodiments directed to reducing the perception of male malodor by men.

In a preferred embodiment, a deodorant composition is provided thatincludes agrumex, C14 aldehyde, CEDRAMBER®, CLARITONE®, eugenol,Δ-damascone, dihydromyrcenol, dynascone 10, GLOBALIDE®, cis-3-hexenol,hexylcinnamic aldehyde, isoananat, menthyl acetate rf, oryclone special,phenylethyl alcohol, rosaphen®, Sandranol®, tetrahydro linalool, orvertocitral, alone or in combination with other cross-adapting agent(s).

Cross-adapting agents that have been identified by a group of womenperceiving male malodor to be “best” include l-carvone, CLARITONE®, E-,Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters, H&R odorneutralizer (D61012), and vertocitral. Cross-adapting agents that wererated by this group as “good” include citronellol 950, citrylal,Δ-damascone, dihydromyrcenol, cis-3-hexenol, hexylcinnamic aldehyde,phenylethyl alcohol, E-isomer 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester, androse oxide hc. These may be utilized, alone or in combination with othercross-adapting agent(s), in preferred embodiments directed to reducingthe perception of male malodor by women.

Cross-adapting agents that have been identified by a group of menperceiving female malodor to be “best” include anisic aldehyde,CLARITONE®, dihydromyrcenol, ethyl vanillin, floropal, cis-3-hexenol,isoraldeine 70, E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethylesters, oryclone special, patchouli oil, and vertocitral. Cross-adaptingagents that were rated by this group as “good” include C14 aldehyde,calone 1951, l-carvone, CEDRAIVIBER®, citronellol 950, cpd supra,dynascone 10, eugenol, FARENAL®, GLOBANONE®, hexylcinnamic aldehyde,α-ionone, β-ionone, isoananat, lilial, lyral, MAJANTOL®, menthyl acetaterf, phenylethyl alcohol, E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethylester, rosaphen®, rose oxide hc, and Sandranol®. These may be utilized,alone or in combination with other cross-adapting agent(s), in preferredembodiments directed to reducing the perception of female malodor bymen.

Cross-adapting agents that have been identified by a group of womenperceiving female malodor to be “best” include agrumex, l-carvone,floropal, E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters,patchouli oil, and vertocitral. Cross-adapting agents that were rated bythis group as “good” include C14 aldehyde, ambrettolide, anisicaldehyde, calone 1951, CEDRAIVIBER®, citronellol 950, CLARITONE®, cpdsupra, α-damascone, dihydromyrcenol, dynascone 10, eugenol, evernyl,GLOBALIDE®, cis-3-hexenol, hexyl salicylate, α-ionone, menthyl acetaterf, H&R odor neutralizer (D61012), rose oxide hc, and Sandranol®. Thesemay be utilized, alone or in combination with other cross-adaptingagent(s), in preferred embodiments directed to reducing the perceptionof female malodor in women.

In a preferred embodiment, a deodorant composition is provided thatincludes agrumex, C14 aldehyde, ambrettolide, anisic aldehyde,CLARITONE®, dihydromyrcenol, dynascone 10, evernyl, GLOBALIDE®, hexylsalicylate, α-ionone, cpd supra, menthyl acetate rf, patchouli oil,Sandranol®, or vertocitral, alone or in combination with othercross-adapting agent(s).

The present invention also provides methods of reducing perception ofbody odor or malodor comprising administering a deodorant compositioncomprising a cross-adapting agent alone or in combination with othersuch agent(s) in an amount effective to reduce perception of body odor.For example, the present invention provides methods of reducingperceived male body odor or malodor comprising administering a deodorantcomposition comprising an amount of cross-adapting agent effective toreduce perception of male body odor. In one embodiment, a deodorantcomposition using, for example, “best” and “good” agents comprising anagent selected from a group that includes: agrumex, C14 aldehyde,l-carvone, CEDRAMBER®, citronellol 950, citrylal, CLARITONE®,Δ-damascone, dihydromyrcenol, dynascone 10, eugenol, floropal,GLOBALIDE®, cis-3-hexenol, hexylcinnamic aldehyde, isoananat, menthylacetate rf, mugetanol, nerolione, E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters, H&R odor neutralizer (D61012),oryclone special, phenylethyl alcohol, E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoicacid ethyl ester, Z-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester,rosaphen®, rose oxide hc, Isobornyl Cyclohexanol, Sandranol®, tetrahydrolinalool, tonalide, vertocitral, and combinations thereof is provided.

Other methods are provided in the present invention of reducingperceived female body odor comprising administering a deodorantcomposition comprising an amount of cross-adapting agent effective toreduce perception of female body odor. In one embodiment using, forexample, “best” and “good” agents, a deodorant composition comprising anagent selected from a group that includes: agrumex, C14 aldehyde,ambrettolide, anisic aldehyde, calone 1951, l-carvone, CEDRAIVIBER®citronellol 950, CLARITONE®, cpd supra, α-damascone, dihydromyrcenol,dynascone 10, ethyl vanillin, eugenol, evernyl, FARENAL®, floropal,GLOBALIDE®, GLOBANONE®, cis-3-hexenol, hexyl salicylate, hexylcinnamicaldehyde, α-ionone, β-ionone, isoananat, isoraldeine 70, lilial, lyral,MAJANTOL®, menthyl acetate rf, E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters, H&R odor neutralizer (D61012),oryclone special, patchouli oil, phenylethyl alcohol, E-isomer of3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl ester, rosaphen®, rose oxide hc,Sandranol®, vertocitral, and combinations thereof is provided.

Further, the present invention provides methods of blocking male orfemale body odor by administering deodorant compositions comprising anamount of cross-adapting agent(s) effective to occupy an odorantreceptor site thereby blocking interaction of the site with otherodorants. In one method, directed to blocking male malodor using “best”and “good” adapting agents, for example, a deodorant compositioncomprising an agent selected from a group that includes: agrumex, C14aldehyde, l-carvone, CEDRAMBER®, citronellol 950, citrylal, CLARITONE®,Δ-damascone, dihydromyrcenol, dynascone 10, eugenol, floropal,GLOBALIDE®, cis-3-hexenol, hexylcinnamic aldehyde, isoananat, menthylacetate rf, mugetanol, nerolione, E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters, H&R odor neutralizer (D61012),oryclone special, phenylethyl alcohol, E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoicacid ethyl ester, Z-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester,rosaphen®, rose oxide hc, Isobornyl Cyclohexanol, Sandranol®, tetrahydrolinalool, tonalide, vertocitral, alone or in combination with othercross-adapting agent(s) is provided. In another method, directed toblocking female malodor using “best” and “good” adapting agents, forexample, a deodorant composition comprising an agent selected from agroup that includes: agrumex, C14 aldehyde, ambrettolide, anisicaldehyde, calone 1951, l-carvone, CEDRAMBER®, citronellol 950,CLARITONE®, cpd supra, a-damascone, dihydromyrcenol, dynascone 10, ethylvanillin, eugenol, evernyl, FARENAL®, floropal, GLOBALIDE®, GLOBANONE®,cis-3-hexenol, hexyl salicylate, hexylcinnamic aldehyde, α-ionone,β-ionone, isoananat, isoraldeine 70, lilial, lyral, MAJANTOL®, menthylacetate rf, E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethylesters, H&R odor neutralizer (D61012), oryclone special, patchouli oil,phenylethyl alcohol, E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl ester,rosaphen®, rose oxide hc, Sandranol®, vertocitral, alone or incombination with other cross-adapting agent(s) is provided.

In a further embodiment of the present invention, methods of making adeodorant composition comprising providing a cross-adapting agent aloneor in combination with other such agents in an amount effective toreduce perception of malodor is provided. Cross-adapting agents can bepresent in a deodorant composition from about 0.1% to about 10% byweight of the deodorant composition, in certain preferred embodiments.

Methods

In a series of studies, some involving malodors and others usingpleasant-smelling odorants, we demonstrated the feasibility of aprotocol we developed for exploring adaptation and cross-adaptation inhuman olfaction (J. D. Pierce, Jr., C. J. Wysocki, and E. V. Aronov,Mutual cross-adaptation of the volatile steroid androstenone and anon-steroid functional analog, 18 Chemical Senses 245-256 (1993); J. D.Pierce, Jr., X-N. Zeng, E. V. Aronov, G. Preti, and C. J. Wysocki,Cross-adaptation of sweaty-smelling 3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid by astructurally-similar, pleasant-smelling odorant, 20 Chemical Senses401-411 (1995); J. D. Pierce, Jr., C. J. Wysocki, E. V. Aronov, J. B.Webb, and R. M. Boden, The role of perceptual and structural similarityin cross-adaptation, 21 Chemical Senses 223-237 (1996); J. D. Pierce,Jr., D. H. Blank, E. V. Aronov, Z. Guo, G. Preti, and C. J. Wysocki,Cross-adaptation of sweaty-smelling 3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid by itsethyl esters is determined by structural similarity, 47 Journal of theSociety of Cosmetic Chemists 363-375 (1996); J. D. Pierce, Jr., D. H.Blank, G. Preti, and C. J. Wysocki, Reduction in the sweaty smell of3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid by cross-adaptation using its pleasant-smellingmethyl esters. 49 Journal of Cosmetic Science 369-376 (1998); eachincorporated herein by reference in their entirety).

The procedure relies upon an individual constantly sniffing an adaptingagent, such as a fragrance, and occasionally a test odorant. Perceivedintensity of the test odorant is obtained by using psychophysical,magnitude-estimation procedures. These perceived intensities areobtained every 30 seconds over the test period, and are then comparedwith baseline perceived intensities obtained before the individual begansniffing the adapting agent. Throughout the testing we observeadaptation to the adapting agent. Results during trials with an insertedtest odorant, such as the axillary odor used here, are believed to bereasonably predictive. If the perceived intensity of the test odorantdecreases during the test, then the adapting agent cross-adapts the testodorant and becomes a cross-adapting agent. If the cross-adapting agentis itself not offensive, then the cross-adapting agent becomes acandidate for use in formulations in consumer products to amelioratemalodors, such as axillary odor or fecal/urine odors, and odors relatedto the female menstrual cycle.

Using these techniques, we previously demonstrated that a homologousseries of 3-methyl-α,β-unsaturated acid ethyl esters, e.g.,3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid ethyl esters, 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethylesters, and 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl esters, could be used toameliorate unpleasant body odors (J. D. Pierce, Jr., X-N. Zeng, E. V.Aronov, G. Preti, and C. J. Wysocki, Cross-adaptation of sweaty-smelling3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid by a structurally-similar, pleasant-smellingodorant, 20 Chemical Senses 401-411 (1995); U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,719(Issued Jul. 23, 1996); J. D. Pierce, Jr., D. H. Blank, E. V. Aronov, Z.Guo, G. Preti, and C. J. Wysocki, Cross-adaptation of sweaty-smelling3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid by its ethyl esters is determined by structuralsimilarity, 47 Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 363-375(1996); J. D. Pierce, Jr., D. H. Blank, G. Preti, and C. J. Wysocki,Reduction in the sweaty smell of 3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid bycross-adaptation using its pleasant-smelling methyl esters. 49 Journalof Cosmetic Science 369-376 (1998); C. J. Wysocki, L. Connolly, J.Louie, G. Preti, and M. Gill, Cross-adaptation of mercaptoethanol by theethylesters of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid, 23 Chem. Senses. 598 (1999);each incorporated herein by reference in their entirety).

Applying the foregoing methods, we have now identified furthercompounds, such as fragrances, and combinations of compounds capable ofdoing so, and further identified gender-specificity for some of thesecompounds.

Collection of secretions: Apocrine secretions obtained under stressedconditions provided the axillary odor that was used as the test odorantto evaluate the effectiveness of various adapting agents. Secretionswere obtained from males (ages 20 to 60 years) and females (ages 20 to40 years) in good health. The donors had a history of axillary odorproduction and consistent use of underarm products to control odor.Volunteers prepared their axillae for collection of apocrine secretionsby refraining from deodorant use for 3 days and shaving their axillaethe morning of the collection day.

Volunteers were rested in a supine position. The axillary regions werewashed with isopropanol-soaked pads and injected intradermally with1:10,000 adrenalin (in physiologic saline). This injection stimulatedthe secretion of apocrine gland secretions, which were collected in 10μl pipettes, passed into 0.25 ml Eppendorf tubes, and stored on ice (orfrozen for longer storage). The amount of secretion collected variedgreatly with the individual subject (≦10 μl). The apocrine secretionsfrom each volunteer were combined by consecutively washing eachEppendorf tube with 2×300 μl of doubly distilled water. Thisaqueous-apocrine fluid was transferred to a 5 ml round-bottomed flaskfor hydrolysis. X-N. Zeng, J. J. Leyden, J. G. Brand, A. I. Spielman, K.J. McGinley, G. Preti, An Investigation of Human Apocrine GlandSecretion for Axillary Odor Precursors, 18 J. Chem. Ecol. 1039-1055(1992); X-N. Zeng, J. J . Leyden, A. I. Spielman and G. Preti Analysisof the characteristic human female axillary odors: Qualitativecomparison to males. 22 J. Chem. Ecol. 237-257 (1996).

Production of odor: To produce quantities of stress-derived axillaryodor for testing purposes, we hydrolyzed the apocrine secretion. Theaqueous solution was refluxed for 20 min with 0.5 ml, 5% aqueous sodiumhydroxide under a stream of nitrogen. The mixture was allowed to cool toroom temperature, and then it was cooled in ice prior to being acidifiedwith 6 N HCl to pH 2. The resulting axillary odor developed in thereaction mixture upon acidification was used as the test odorant. Theaxillary odors generated by this in vitro technique are analogous to themalodors produced by stressed individuals.

Example 1 Cross-Adaptation of Male Stress-Derived Axillary Odor

Sixteen (16) individuals (8 of each gender) served on an odor panel.Subjects ranged in age from 22 to 55 years (mean 32.7±10.6 s.d.), werenot pregnant (by verbal report), and were all non-smokers. All panelmembers were screened for adequate use of magnitude estimation (somepeople have difficulties maintaining a ratio scale, i.e., when anodorant is half as strong as the previous, these people fail to providea number that is half the previous estimate) and further trained in itsuse during 2-3 training sessions. All 16 subjects were tested withsamples of male malodor compared to each of the potential cross-adaptingagents.

Male stress-derived axillary odor, produced as described above, waspresented in glass vials for the subjects to sniff once to obtain thefirst baseline of perceived intensity using magnitude estimation.Subsequently, subjects continuously sniffed from an adapting jar thatcontained only diluent, which was odorless, light, white, mineral oil.After 30 seconds, another baseline perceived intensity for axillary odorwas obtained with a single sniff of the axillary odor. Again, the sniffof axillary odor was followed by continued sniffs from an adapting jarthat contained only diluent. After another 30 seconds, a third baselineestimate was obtained in a similar manner.

In a single test, the diluent was then replaced with one and only oneadapting agent, and for each sniff from the adapting jar thereafter,subjects sniffed the adapting agent. On the first sniff, the perceivedintensity of the adapting agent was obtained. Subjects then continued tosniff from the adapting jar. Every 30 seconds during the next 3 minutes,subjects sniffed and rated the perceived intensity of the axillary odorfrom the glass vial. This process was repeated for each adapting agent.

At the conclusion of the 4-minute test, we had obtained 3 baselinemeasures of perceived intensities of axillary odor and 6 perceivedintensities of axillary odor during adaptation and, in some cases,cross-adaptation. In addition, we obtained 3 perceived intensities ofthe adapting agent and 3 perceived intensities of the diluent.

Each test session contained 5 or 6 tests during which panelists providedperceived intensities during exposures to 5 or 6 adapting agents.Between adapting agents, each panelist was given a 5-minute rest. Acrosspanelists, the order of the 5 or 6 adaptation tests was randomized. Thiswas done because some of the adapting agents could have cross-adaptedamong themselves.

Several adapting agents were tested in the procedure to determine whichcould reduce the perception of the male stress-derived axillary odorproduced in vitro. Subjects were asked to provide perceived odorintensities, or magnitude estimations, before and during exposure toeach of several odorants. The adapting agents were chosen from among thefollowing: agrumex, C14 aldehyde, ambrettolide, l-carvone, CEDRAMBER®,citronellol 950, citrylal, CLARITONE®, cpd supra, α-damascone,Δ-damascone, datilat, dihydromyrcenol, dynascone 10, eugenol, FARENAL®,floropal, GLOBALIDE®, HEDIONE®, Z-isomer 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethylester, cis-3-hexenol, hexyl salicylate, hexylcinnamic aldehyde, ISO ESUPER®, isoananat, menthyl acetate rf, mugetanol, nerolione, E-,Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters, H&R odorneutralizer (D61012) (a product supplied by Haarmann & Reimer), oryclonespecial, phenylethyl alcohol, E-isomer 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethylester, rosaphen®, rose oxide hc, Isobornyl Cyclohexanol, Sandranol®,tertahydro linalool, timbranol, tonalide, and vertocitral.

Magnitude estimations provided by each test subject were normalizedcompared to each subject's rating of a targeted malodor, e.g. malestress-derived axillary odor. A subject's rating of the intensity of atargeted malodor was standardized to a scale of 100, and then subsequentratings after exposure to cross-adapting agents were standardizedaccordingly. Such standardized data was then analyzed for statisticalsignificance and is reflected in Table 1. Male and female panel membersdid not differ in their perceived intensities of the adapting agents ortheir perceived intensities of the stress-derived axillary odor.

Although in this case “p values” were used to identify adaptive agents,other methods for assessing differences in perceived intensity of odorscould also be used. When the results of the panel as a whole wereconsidered, twelve (12) cross-adapting agents were identified among theadapting agents, where adequate cross-adaptation at a level of <0.05 wasproduced. These cross-adapting agents included C14 aldehyde, l-carvone,citronellol 950, citrylal, dynascone 10, eugenol, floropal, oryclonespecial, E-isomer 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester; rose oxide hc,Sandranol®, and vertocitral. Certain of the cross-adapting agents weresuperior, producing significant cross-adaptation of p<0.01. Theseincluded hexylcinnamic aldehyde, CLARITONE®, Δ-damascone,dihydromyrcenol, E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethylesters, H&R odor neutralizer (D61012), phenylethyl alcohol, androsaphen®.

When the results of the panel were separated by gender, it wasascertained that none of the superior cross-adapting agents producedsuperior cross-adaptation in females. Certain of the superiorcross-adapting agents from the combined panel produced adequatecross-adaptation at a level of p<0.05 in females. These includedCLARITONE®, Δ-damascone, hexylcinnamic aldehyde, E, Z-isomers (3:1) of3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters, and H&R odor neutralizer(D61012). Vertocitral, which produced adequate cross-adaptation in thecombined panel, also produced adequate cross-adaptation at the samelevel in the female panel members.

In male panel members, certain cross-adapting agents were identifiedamong the adapting agents, where adequate cross-adaptation at a level ofp<0.05 was produced. These cross-adapting agents included argumex,CEDRAMBER®, citronellol 950, citrylal, CLARITONE®, Δ-damascone,dihydromyrcenol, eugenol, floropal, menthyl acetate rf, H&R odorneutralizer (D61012), oryclone special, phenylethyl alcohol, rosaphen®,Isobornyl Cyclohexanol, Sandranol®, tertahydro linalool, tonalide, andZ-isomer 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester. Certain of the superiorcross-adapting agents from the combined panel were also superior inmales, producing superior cross-adaptation at a level of p<0.01. Theseincluded Δ-damascone, dihydromyrcenol, H&R odor neutralizer (D61012),and rosaphen®. Eugenol, which was not among the aforementioned superiorcross-adapting agents from the combined panel, appeared to be quiteeffective in males only, producing superior cross-adaptation at a levelof p<0.01.

TABLE 1 Reduction of Intensity of Male Stress-Derived Odor p value pvalue p value Combined Male Female Panel Panel Panel Agrumex — <0.05 —C14 Aldehyde <0.05 — — Ambrettolide — — — l-Carvone <0.05 — —CEDRAMBER ® — <0.05 — Citronellol 950 <0.05 <0.05 — Citrylal <0.05 <0.05CLARITONE ® <0.01 <0.05 <0.05 cpd Supra — — — α-Damascone — — —Δ-Damascone <0.01 <0.01 <0.05 Datilat — — — Dihydromyrcenol <0.01 <0.01— Dynascone 10 <0.05 — — Eugenol <0.05 <0.01 — FARENAL ® — — — Floropal<0.05 <0.05 — GLOBALIDE ® — — — HEDIONE ® — — — Cis-3-Hexenol — — —E-isomer 3-methyl-2-pentenoic <0.05 — — acid ethyl ester Z-isomer3-methyl-2-pentenoic — <0.05 — acid ethyl ester Hexyl Salicylate — — —Hexylcinnamic Aldehyde <0.01 — <0.05 ISO E SUPER ® — — — Isoananat — — —Menthyl Acetate rf — <0.05 — Mugetanol — — — Nerolione — — — E,Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2- <0.01 — <0.05 octenoic acid ethyl estersH&R odor neutralizer ® (D61012) <0.01 <0.01 <0.05 Oryclone Special <0.05<0.05 — Phenylethyl Alcohol <0.01 <0.05 — Rosaphen ® <0.01 <0.01 — RoseOxide hc <0.05 — — Isobornyl Cyclohexanol — <0.05 — Sandranol ® <0.05<0.05 — Tertahydro Linalool — <0.05 — Timbranol — — — Tonalide — <0.05 —Vertocitral <0.05 — <0.05 p < 0.01 Superior Cross-Adaptation p < 0.05Adequate Cross-Adaptation — = Ineffective Cross-Adaptation

Example 2 Deodorant Compositions for Men

Data from the cross-adaptation study was compiled and evaluated based onthe effect each test material had on the magnitude of the stress-derivedaxillary odor intensity. Agents that produced the highest reduction inthe stress-derived axillary odor intensity were labeled as “best” inTable 2. Agents that showed a moderate reduction were labeled as “good”and agent that had the least effect on reducing the magnitude of thestress-derived axillary odor intensity were labeled as “poor.” A productcan be constructed in a way to include as many “best” or “good”materials as desired and provide consumer acceptable hedonics.

TABLE 2 Magnitude of Reduction of Intensity of Male Stress-Derived Odor(MSDO) MSDO MSDO Males Females Agrumex good poor C14 Aldehyde good poorAmbrettolide poor poor Anisic Aldehyde — — Calone 1951 — — l-Carvonebest best CEDRAMBER ® good poor Citronellol 950 good good Citrylal bestgood CLARITONE ® best best cpd Supra poor poor α-Damascone poor poorΔ-Damascone best good Datilat poor poor Dihydromyrcenol best goodDynascone 10 best poor Ethyl Vanillin — — Eugenol best poor Evernyl — —FARENAL ® poor poor Floropal good poor GLOBALIDE ® good poor GLOBANONE ®— — HEDIONE ® poor poor Cis-3-Hexenol good good Hexyl Salicylate poorpoor Hexylcinnamic Aldehyde good good α-ionone — — β-ionone — — ISO ESUPER ® poor poor Isoananat best poor Isoraldeine 70 — — Lilial — —Lyral — — MAJANTOL ® — — Menthyl Acetate rf best poor Mugetanol goodpoor Nerolione good poor E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2- best bestoctenoic acid ethyl esters H&R odor neutralizer ® (D61012) best bestOryclone Special good poor Patchouli Oil — — Phenylethyl Alcohol goodgood E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic good good acid ethyl esterE-isomer of 3-methyl-2-octenoic — — acid ethyl ester Z-isomer of3-methyl-2-pentenoic best poor acid ethyl ester Rosaphen ® best poorRose Oxide hc poor good Isobornyl Cyclohexanol good poor Sandranol ®good poor Tetrahydro Linalool best poor Timbranol poor poor Tonalidegood poor Vertrocitral good best Best = Superior Cross-Adaptation Good =Adequate Cross-Adaptation Poor = Ineffective Cross-Adaptation — = nottested

The following examples, 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3, shown in Table 3, illustratespecific embodiments of an exemplary deodorant composition for men. Thecontrol is a typical formulation for an underarm antiperspirant stickthat contains 1% of a masculine fragrance. The antiperspirant alone withthis fragrance is considered a control because it does not contain anygender-specific cross adapting agents other than what may be used in atypical fragrance formulation. The fragrance is considered masculine inthat its character is appropriate for a masculine product.

TABLE 3 Deodorant Compositions for Men (values indicate % of total).Examples Ingredient Control 2.1 2.2 2.3 REACH AZP-08 SUF 24.00 24.0024.00 24.00 Cyclomethicone (Pentamer) 24.00 23.25 23.25 23.50 Polydecene(Silkflo 364 NF) 20.00 20.00 19.25 19.37 Polyethylene 3.00 3.00 3.003.00 Hydrogenated Castor Oil 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Promyristyl PM-3 7.007.00 7.00 7.00 PEG-8 Distearate 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Stearyl Alcohol15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 Cab-O-Sil M-5 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 H&R FougereFragrance AC11227 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 H&R Men's Accord AC11422 0.00 0.750.00 0.38 H&R Encapsulated Men's Accord 0.00 0.00 1.50 0.75 AC11422In-Cap ® 464835 Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Ingredients found in Table 2 determined by males to cross-adapt wellwith male stress-derived odor comprise 50.1% of Men's Accord AC11422.The accord comprises the following ingredients, shown in the followingTable 4:

TABLE 4 Ingredients from Table 2 Contained in Men's Accord AC11422INGREDIENT DESCRIPTION PARTS AGRUMEX 17.39 C14 ALDEHYDE 43.48CEDRAMBER ® 17.39 CLARITONE ® 13.04 EUGENOL 0.87 Δ-DAMASCONE 0.09DIHYDROMYRCENOL 69.57 DYNASCONE 10 1.74 GLOBALIDE ® 65.22 CIS-3-HEXENOL0.87 HEXYLCINNAMIC ALDEHYDE 43.48 ISOANANAT 4.35 MENTHYL ACETATE RF43.48 ORYCLONE SPECIAL 17.39 PHENYLETHYL ALCOHOL 8.70 ROSAPHEN ® 13.04SANDRANOL ®SANDRANOL ® 30.44 TETRAHYDRO LINALOOL 34.79 VERTOCITRAL 1.74TOTAL GENDER-SPECIFIC INGREDIENTS PARTS 427.05 TOTAL FRAGRANCEINGREDIENT PARTS 852.00 % GENDER-SPECIFIC 50.1%

The Encapsulated Men's Accord AC 11422 In-Cap® 464835 (H&R) fragranceformulation is created by spray drying, but variations can be made bythose skilled in the art. The encapsulation formulation is not limitedto these percentages or materials and can be formulated from many othercarrier materials to release the accord as needed. The encapsulationformulation used in Table 3 comprises: 50% HiCap® 100 (supplied byNational Starch) and 50% Men's Accord AC11422.

Examples 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3 show that it is possible to add Men's AccordAC11422 as oil, in encapsulated form and as a combination of both to anunderarm formulation with another fragrance AC 11227.

Example 3 Cross-Adaptation of Female Stress-Derived Axillary Odor

A separate panel of 24 subjects (12 males and 12 females) tested samplesof female stress-derived axillary odor with potential cross-adaptingagents, some of which were not included in Example 1 above. Some of thesubjects assessing the effectiveness of cross-adaptation of malestress-derived axillary odor were also used in the experiment withfemale secretions. However, these two experiments were treated asindependent events. All panel members were screened for adequate use ofmagnitude estimation and further trained in its use during two to threetraining sessions. Subjects were tested with samples of femalestress-derived axillary odor, prepared as described above for malestress-derived axillary odor, and compared to each of the potentialcross-adapting agents, as set forth in Example 1 above. No subject wastested with all potential cross-adapting agents.

An array of adapting agents was tested for cross-adaptability againstfemale stress-derived axillary odor. The adapting agents were selectedfrom the following: agrumex, C14 aldehyde, ambrettolide, anisicaldehyde, calone 1951, l-carvone, CEDRAIVIBER®, citronellol 950,CLARITONE®, cpd supra, α-damascone, dihydromyrcenol, dynascone 10, ethylvanillin, eugenol, evernyl, FARENAL®, floropal, GLOBALIDE®, GLOBANONE®,HEDIONE®, E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester, Z-isomer3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester, cis-3-hexenol, hexyl salicylate,hexylcinnamic aldehyde, α-ionone, β-ionone, ISO E SUPER®, isoananat,isoraldeine 70, lilial, lyral, MAJANTOL®, menthyl acetate rf, E-isomerof 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl ester, E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters, H&R odor neutralizer (D61012),oryclone special, patchouli oil, phenylethyl alcohol, rosaphen®, roseoxide hc, Sandranol®Sandranol®, and vertocitral.

Example 3 includes 31 of the adapting agents tested in Example 1, and 14new adapting agents.

Magnitude estimations provided by each test subject were normalizedcompared to each subject's rating of a targeted malodor, e.g. femalestress-derived axillary odor. A subject's rating of the intensity of atargeted malodor was standardized to a scale of 100, and then subsequentratings after exposure to cross-adapting agents were standardizedaccordingly. Such standardized data was then analyzed for statisticalsignificance and is reflected in Table 5.

With reference to Table 5, some differences and similarities between thestudies of the female stress-derived axillary odor and the malestress-derived axillary odor (Example 1) were observed for the combinedpanel. (Compare Tables 1 & 5) First, many more adapting agentssignificantly reduced the perceived intensity of female stress-derivedaxillary odor than were noted in Example 1. Of the adapting agentstested, when the results of the panel as a whole were considered, thirty(30) were superior, reducing the perceived intensity of female malodorsat a cross-adaptation level of p<0.01. These included: argumex, C14aldehyde, ambrettolide, anisic aldehyde, calone 1951, l-carvone,CEDRAMBER®, CLARITONE®, cpd supra, cis-3-hexenol, dihydromyrcenol,dynascone 10, ethyl vanillin, eugenol, floropal, GLOBALIDE®, GLOBANONE®,hexylcinnamic aldehyde, α-ionone, β-ionone, isoraldeine 70, lyral,menthyl acetate rf, E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acidethyl esters, oryclone special, patchouli oil, rosaphen®, rose oxide hc,Sandranol®, and vertocitral. This may result, in part, because newadapting agents added to the candidate list were effective.

The adapting agents from Example 1 that were repeated in Example 3 are:agrumex, C14 aldehyde, ambrettolide, l-carvone, CEDRAMBER®, citronellol950, CLARITONE®, cpd supra, α-damascone, Z-isomer 3-methyl-2-pentenoicacid ethyl ester, cis-3-hexenol, dihydromyrcenol, dynascone 10, eugenol,FARENAL®, floropal, GLOBALIDE®, HEDIONE®, hexyl salicylate,hexylcinnamic aldehyde, isoananat, menthyl acetate rf, E-, Z-isomers(3:1) of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl esters, H&R odor neutralizer(D61012), oryclone special, phenylethyl alcohol, rosaphen®, rose oxidehc, Sandranol®, and vertocitral. Of the adapting agents that wererepeated in Example 3, in the combined panel, six (6) adapting agentsproduced the same degree of effectiveness with the female stress-derivedaxillary odor that were shown with the male malodor. For example,certain cross-adapting agents were superior, including CLARITONE®,dihydromyrcenol, E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethylesters, and rosaphen®, reducing the perceived intensity of both male andfemale stress-derived axillary odors at cross-adaptation levels ofp<0.01. (Tables 1 and 5). Alpha-damascone was the only adapting agentthat was not significantly effective against either male or femalemalodors for the combined panels.

Where differences existed, certain adapting agents were significantlyeffective at reducing the perception of female stress-derived axillaryodor, but were less effective against male stress-derived axillary odor.In fact, certain cross-adapting agents, including agrumex, ambrettolide,CEDRAIVIBER®, cpd supra, GLOBALIDE®, cis-3-hexenol, and menthyl acetaterf, provided superior cross-adaptation at levels of p<0.01 (CompareTable 1 and Table 5) for the female stress-derived axillary odor whereasthey were ineffective against male stress-derived axillary odor. Otheradapting agents, including C14 aldehyde, l-carvone, CEDRAMBER®,dynascone 10, eugenol, floropal, oryclone special, rose oxide hc,Sandranol®, and vertocitral significantly reduced the perception offemale stress-derived axillary odor, but were merely adequate againstmale stress-derived axillary odor.

Phenylethyl alcohol provided superior reduction in the perception ofmale stress-derived axillary odor at a cross-adaptation level of p<0.01,but was merely adequate against female stress-derived odor at across-adaptation level of p<0.05.

Again, gender differences in response to the malodor were observed;however, more candidate cross-adapting odorants reduced the intensity ofthe female stress-derived axillary odor in male panel members than infemale panel members. For example, CEDRAMBER®, CLARITONE®, and H&R odorneutralizer (D61012) were superior, p<0.01, in reducing the perceptionof female stress-derived odor in female panel members; whereascross-adapting agents including anisic aldehyde, CEDRAIVIBER®,CLARITONE®, cis-3-hexenol, dihydromyrcenol, dynascone 10, ethylvanillin, eugenol, floropal, hexylcinnamic aldehyde, α-ionone, β-ionone,isoraldeine 70, oryclone special, patchouli oil, rosaphen®, rose oxidehc, Sandranol®, and, vertocitral were superior, p<0.01, in reducing theperception of female stress-derived odor in male panel members.

In the male panel members, cross-adapting agents including C14 aldehyde,ambrettolide, calone 1951, l-carvone, citronellol 950, cpd supra,dynascone 10, FARENAL®, GLOBANONE®, ISO E SUPER®, isoananat, lilial,lyral, MAJANTOL®, menthyl acetate rf, phenylethyl alcohol, and roseoxide hc adequately reduced the perception of female stress-derivedodor, at a cross-adaptation level of p<0.05. In the female panelmembers, cross-adapting agents, including agrumex, calone 1951,CEDRAIVIBER®, cis-3-hexenol, floropal, GLOBALIDE®, patchouli oil, roseoxide hc, and vertocitral adequately reduced the perception of femalestress-derived odor at a cross-adaptation level of p<0.05.

CLARITONE® and E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethylesters were superior at cross-adapting female stress-derived odor inboth males and females.

Examples of gender differences are found in the comparison of the femalepanel members response with the cross-adapting agents agrumex,GLOBALIDE®, and H&R odor neutralizer (D61012) with that of the maleresponse. For the female panel members, these cross-adapting agentsreduced the perception of female stress-derived odor at across-adaptation level of p<0.05, (Table 5), whereas for the male panelmembers, they were ineffective. On the other hand, rosaphen®,Sandranol®, ambrettolide, cpd supra, eugenol, oryclone special,hexylcinnamic aldehyde, a-ionone, isoraldeine 70, 13-ionone, ethylvanillin, and anisic aldehyde were ineffective in female panelists butwere superior in male panelists at cross-adapting female stress-derivedodor.

The results demonstrate that certain adapting agents are superior toothers in reducing or blocking odors of biological origin and can beselectively used in deodorant formulations to achieve a desired result,such as, for example, to reduce or block the strongest odors, forexample, those axillary odors produced under stressful conditions.

TABLE 5 Reduction of Intensity of Female Stress-Derived Odor p value pvalue p value Combined Male Female Panel Panel Panel Agrumex <0.01 —<0.05 C14 Aldehyde <0.01 <0.05 — Ambrettolide <0.01 <0.05 — AnisicAldehyde <0.01 <0.01 — Calone 1951 <0.01 <0.05 <0.05 l-Carvone <0.01<0.05 — CEDRAMBER ® <0.01 <0.01 <0.05 Citronellol 950 — <0.05 —CLARITONE ® <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 cpd Supra <0.01 <0.05 — α-Damascone — — —Dihydromyrcenol <0.01 <0.01 — Dynascone 10 <0.01 <0.05 — Ethyl Vanillin<0.01 <0.01 — Eugenol <0.01 <0.01 — Evernyl — — — FARENAL ® <0.05 <0.05— Floropal <0.01 <0.01 <0.05 GLOBALIDE ® <0.01 — <0.05 GLOBANONE ® <0.01<0.05 — HEDIONE ® <0.05 — — E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic — — — acidethyl ester Z-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic <0.05 — — acid ethyl esterCis-3-Hexenol <0.01 <0.01 <0.05 Hexyl Salicylate <0.05 — — HexylcinnamicAldehyde <0.01 <0.01 — α-ionone <0.01 <0.01 — β-ionone <0.01 <0.01 — ISOE SUPER ® <0.05 <0.05 — Isoananat <0.05 <0.05 — Isoraldeine 70 <0.01<0.01 — Lilial — <0.05 — Lyral <0.01 <0.05 — MAJANTOL ® <0.05 <0.05 —Menthyl Acetate rf <0.01 <0.05 — E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-octenoic <0.05 —— acid ethyl ester E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of 3-methyl-2- <0.01 <0.01 <0.01octenoic acid ethyl esters H&R odor neutralizer (D61012) <0.05 — <0.05Oryclone Special <0.01 <0.01 — Patchouli Oil <0.01 <0.01 <0.05Phenylethyl Alcohol <0.05 <0.05 — Rosaphen ® <0.01 <0.01 — Rose Oxide hc<0.01 <0.05 <0.05 Sandranol ® <0.01 <0.01 — Vertocitral <0.01 <0.01<0.05 p < 0.01 Superior Cross-Adaptation p < 0.05 AdequateCross-Adaptation — = Ineffective Cross-Adaptation

Example 4 Deodorant Compositions for Women

Data from the cross-adaptation study was compiled and evaluated based onthe effect each test material had on the magnitude of the stress-derivedaxillary odor intensity. Agents that produced the highest reduction inthe stress-derived axillary odor intensity were labeled as “best” inTable 6. Agents that showed a moderate reduction were labeled as “good”and agent that had the least effect on reducing the magnitude of thestress-derived axillary odor intensity were labeled as “poor.” A productcan be constructed in a way to include as many “best” or “good”materials as desired and provide consumer acceptable hedonics.

TABLE 6 Magnitude of Reduction of Intensity of Female Stress-DerivedOdor (FSDO) FSDO FSDO Males Females Agrumex poor best C14 Aldehyde goodgood Ambrettolide poor good Anisic Aldehyde best good Calone 1951 goodgood l-Carvone good best CEDRAMBER ® good good Citronellol 950 good goodCitrylal — — CLARITONE ® best good cpd Supra good good α-Damascone poorgood Δ-Damascone — — Datilat — — Dihydromyrcenol best good Dynascone 10good good Ethyl Vanillin best poor Eugenol good good Evernyl poor goodFARENAL ® good poor Floropal best best GLOBALIDE ® poor good GLOBANONE ®good poor HEDIONE ® poor poor Cis-3-Hexenol best good Hexyl Salicylatepoor good Hexylcinnamic Aldehyde good poor α-ionone good good β-iononegood poor ISO E SUPER ® poor poor Isoananat good poor Isoraldeine 70best poor Lilial good poor Lyral good poor MAJANTOL ® good poor MenthylAcetate rf good good Mugetanol — — Nerolioine — — E-, Z-isomers (3:1) of3-methyl-2- best best octenoic acid ethyl esters H&R odor neutralizer(D61012) poor good Oryclone Special best poor Patchouli Oil best bestPhenylethyl Alcohol good poor E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic poor pooracid ethyl ester E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-octenoic good poor acid ethylester Z-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic poor poor acid ethyl esterRosaphen ® good poor Rose Oxide hc good good Isobornyl Cyclohexanol — —Sandranol ® good good Tetrahydro Linalool — — Timbranol — — Tonalide — —Vetrocitral best best Best = Superior Cross-Adaptation Good = AdequateCross-Adaptation Poor = Ineffective Cross-Adaptation — = not tested

The following Examples 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3 shown in Table 7 illustratespecific embodiments of an exemplary deodorant composition for women.The control is a typical formulation for an underarm antiperspirantstick that contains 1% of a feminine fragrance. The antiperspirant alonewith this fragrance is considered a control because it does not containany gender-specific cross adapting agents other than what may be used ina typical fragrance formulation. The fragrance is considered feminine inthat its character is appropriate for a feminine product.

TABLE 7 Deodorant Compositions for Women (values indicate % of total).Examples Ingredient Control 4.1 4.2 4.3 REACH AZP-08 SUF 24.00 24.0024.00 24.00 Cyclomethicone (Pentamer) 24.00 23.25 23.25 23.50 Polydecene(Silkflo 364 NF) 20.00 20.00 19.25 19.37 Polyethylene 3.00 3.00 3.003.00 Hydrogenated Castor Oil 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 Promyristyl PM-3 7.007.00 7.00 7.00 PEG-8 Distearate 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Stearyl Alcohol15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 Cab-O-Sil M-5 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 H&R CitrusPowder Fragrance 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 AC11414 H&R Women's Accord AC116290.00 0.75 0.00 0.38 H&R Encapsulated Women's 0.00 0.00 1.50 0.75 AccordAC11629 In-Cap ® 469147 Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Ingredients found in Table 6 determined by females to cross-adapt wellwith female stress-derived odor comprise 47.3% of Women's AccordAC11629. The accord comprises the following ingredients, shown in thefollowing Table 8:

TABLE 8 Ingredients from Table 6 Contained in Women's Accord AC11629INGREDIENT DESCRIPTION PARTS AGRUMEX 8.33 C14 ALDEHYDE 75.00AMBRETTOLIDE 2.50 ANISIC ALDEHYDE 4.16 CLARITONE ® 12.50 DIHYDROMYRCENOL75.00 DYNASCONE 10 0.83 EVERNYL 3.33 GLOBALIDE ® 58.33 HEXYL SALICYLATE41.66 α-IONONE 25.00 CPD SUPRA 8.33 MENTHYL ACETATE RF 62.50 PATCHOULIOIL 4.16 SANDRANOL ® 29.16 VERTOCITRAL 1.66 TOTAL GENDER-SPECIFICINGREDIENTS PARTS 412.50 TOTAL FRAGRANCE INGREDIENT PARTS 872.67 %GENDER-SPECIFIC 47.3%

The Encapsulated Women's Accord AC 11629 In-Cap® 469147 (H&R) fragranceformulation is created by spray drying, but variations can be made bythose skilled in the art. The encapsulation formulation is not limitedto these percentages or materials and can be formulated from many othercarrier materials to release the accord as needed. The encapsulationformulation used in Table 7 comprises: 50% HiCap® 100 (supplied byNational Starch) and 50% Women's Accord AC11629.

Examples 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3 show that it is possible to add Women'sAccord AC11629 as oil, in encapsulated form and as a combination of bothto an underarm formulation with another fragrance AC11414.

The examples provided herein are meant to illustrate the invention, notlimit it. Those skilled in the art will recognize modifications, whichare within the spirit and scope of the invention.

1-68. (canceled)
 69. A method for decreasing males' perception of malemalodor comprising applying a deodorant composition to a male, whereinthe deodorant composition comprises a cross-adapting agent selected fromthe group consisting of: citrylal(Octa-2,6-dien;1,1-dimethoxy-3-7-dimethyl); Δ-damascone(1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one); dihydromyrcenol(3-methylenE-7-methyloctanol-7; 2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol); dynascone 10(1-(5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)4-penten-1-one); eugenol(2-methoxy-1-hydroxy-4-allylbenzene); isoananat (acetic-acid,(cyclohexyloxy)-,2-propenyl-ester); menthyl acetate rf (4-menthyl-3-ylacetate); Z-isomer 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester; Rosaphen®(2-methyl-5-phenylpentan-1-ol); tertahydro linalool(3,7-Dimethyloctan-3-ol); agrumex (2-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate); C14aldehyde (1,4 undecanolide; gamma-undecalactone); CEDRAMBER® (cedrylmethyl ether); floropal (2,4,6-trimethyl-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane);GLOBALIDE® oxacyclohexadecen-2-one); mugetanol(1-(4-isopropylcyclohexyl)ethanol); nerolione(1-(3-bethyl-2-benzofuranyl)-ethanone); oryclone special(4-tertbutylcyclohexyl acetate); isobornyl cyclohexanol (isobornylcyclohexanol); Sandranol®(2-ethyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl)-2-buten-1-ol); andtonalide (7-Acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyltetralin); and wherein theapplication of the deodorant composition reduces males' perception ofthe male malodor more than it reduces females' perception of the malemalodor.
 70. The method of claim 69, wherein the cross-adapting agent isselected from the group consisting of: citrylal(Octa-2,6-dien;1,1-dimethoxy-3-7-dimethyl); Δ-damascone(1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one); dihydromyrcenol(3-methylenE-7-methyloctanol-7; 2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol); dynascone 10(1-(5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)4-penten-1-one); eugenol(2-methoxy-1-hydroxy-4-allylbenzene); isoananat (acetic-acid,(cyclohexyloxy)-,2-propenyl-ester); Z-isomer 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acidethyl ester; Rosaphen® (2-methyl-5-phenylpentan-1-ol); and tertahydrolinalool (3,7-Dimethyloctan-3-ol).
 71. The method of claim 69, whereinthe cross-adapting agent is selected from the group consisting of:Δ-damascone (1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one);dihydromyrcenol (3-methylenE-7-methyloctanol-7; dynascone 10(1-(5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)4-penten-1-one); menthyl acetate rf(4-menthyl-3-yl acetate); isoananat (acetic-acid,(cyclohexyloxy)-,2-propenyl-ester); Rosaphen®(2-methyl-5-phenylpentan-1-ol); and tertahydro linalool(3,7-Dimethyloctan-3-ol).
 72. The method of claim 69, wherein thedeodorant composition comprises at least two cross-adapting agentsselected from the group consisting of: citrylal(Octa-2,6-dien;1,1-dimethoxy-3-7-dimethyl); Δ-damascone(1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one); dihydromyrcenol(3-methylenE-7-methyloctanol-7; 2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol); dynascone 10(1-(5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)4-penten-1-one); eugenol(2-methoxy-1-hydroxy-4-allylbenzene); isoananat (acetic-acid,(cyclohexyloxy)-,2-propenyl-ester); menthyl acetate rf (4-menthyl-3-ylacetate); Z-isomer 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester; Rosaphen®(2-methyl-5-phenylpentan-1-ol); tertahydro linalool(3,7-Dimethyloctan-3-ol); agrumex (2-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate); C14aldehyde (1,4 undecanolide; gamma-undecalactone); CEDRAMBER® (cedrylmethyl ether); floropal (2,4,6-trimethyl-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane);GLOBALIDE® oxacyclohexadecen-2-one); mugetanol(1-(4-isopropylcyclohexyl)ethanol); nerolione(1-(3-bethyl-2-benzofuranyl)-ethanone); oryclone special(4-tertbutylcyclohexyl acetate); isobornyl cyclohexanol (isobornylcyclohexanol); Sandranol®(2-ethyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl)-2-buten-1-ol); andtonalide (7-Acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyltetralin).
 73. The method ofclaim 72, wherein the deodorant composition comprises at least threecross-adapting agents selected from the group consisting of: citrylal(Octa-2,6-dien;1,1-dimethoxy-3-7-dimethyl); Δ-damascone(1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one); dihydromyrcenol(3-methylenE-7-methyloctanol-7; 2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol); dynascone 10(1-(5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)4-penten-1-one); eugenol(2-methoxy-1-hydroxy-4-allylbenzene); isoananat (acetic-acid,(cyclohexyloxy)-,2-propenyl-ester); menthyl acetate rf (4-menthyl-3-ylacetate); Z-isomer 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acid ethyl ester; Rosaphen®(2-methyl-5-phenylpentan-1-ol); tertahydro linalool(3,7-Dimethyloctan-3-ol); agrumex (2-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate); C14aldehyde (1,4 undecanolide; gamma-undecalactone); CEDRAMBER® (cedrylmethyl ether); floropal (2,4,6-trimethyl-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane);GLOBALIDE® oxacyclohexadecen-2-one); mugetanol(1-(4-isopropylcyclohexyl)ethanol); nerolione(1-(3-bethyl-2-benzofuranyl)-ethanone); oryclone special(4-tertbutylcyclohexyl acetate); isobornyl cyclohexanol (isobornylcyclohexanol); Sandranol®(2-ethyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl)-2-buten-1-ol); andtonalide (7-Acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyltetralin).
 74. The method ofclaim 69, wherein the deodorant composition comprises: Δ-damascone(1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one); dihydromyrcenol(3-methylenE-7-methyloctanol-7; dynascone 10(1-(5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)4-penten-1-one); menthyl acetate rf(4-menthyl-3-yl acetate); isoananat (acetic-acid,(cyclohexyloxy)-,2-propenyl-ester); Rosaphen®(2-methyl-5-phenylpentan-1-ol); and tertahydro linalool(3,7-Dimethyloctan-3-ol).
 75. A method for decreasing females'perception of male malodor comprising applying a deodorant compositionto a male, wherein the deodorant composition comprises a cross-adaptingagent selected from the group consisting of: rose oxide he(4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran); and vertocitral(2,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde); and wherein theapplication of the deodorant composition reduces females' perception ofthe male malodor more than it reduces males' perception of the malemalodor.
 76. The method of claim 75, wherein the cross-adapting agent isvertocitral (2,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde).
 77. A methodfor decreasing males' perception of female malodor comprising applying adeodorant composition to a female, wherein the deodorant compositioncomprises a cross-adapting agent selected from the group consisting of:anisic aldehyde (4-methoxybenzaldehyde); CLARITONE®(2,4,4,7-tetramethyl-oct-6-en-3-one);dihydromyrcenol(3-methylenE-7-methyloctanol-7;2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol); ethyl vanillin(3-Ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde); FARENAL®(2,6,10-trimethyl-9-undecenal); GLOBANONE® (cyclohexadecen-5-one-1;cyclohexadecenone); cis-3-hexenol(cis-3-hexenol-1-ol); hexylcinnamicaldehyde (alpha-hexylcinnamaldehyde); β-ionone(4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one); isoananat(acetic-acid, (cyclohexyloxy)-,2-propenyl-ester); lilial(p-tert-butyl-alpha-methyldihydrocinnamaic aldehyde); isoraldeine 70(alpha-n-methylionone; cyclocitrylidene methyl ethyl ketone); lilial(p-tert-butyl-alpha-methyldihydrocinnamaic aldehyde) lyral(4-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)-3-cyclohexenE-1-carboxaldehyde));MAJANTOL® (2,2-dimethyl-3-(methylphenyl)propanol); oryclone special(4-tertbutylcyclohexyl acetate); phenylethyl alcohol (2-phenylethylalcohol); E-isomer of 3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl ester; andRosaphen® (2-methyl-5-phenylpentan-1-ol;tetrahydro-4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-2H-pyran); and wherein thedeodorant composition reduces males' perception of the female malodormore than it reduces females' perception of the female malodor.
 78. Themethod of claim 77, wherein the cross-adapting agent is selected fromthe group consisting of: anisic aldehyde (4-methoxybenzaldehyde);CLARITONE® (2,4,4,7-tetramethyl-oct-6-en-3-one);dihydromyrcenol(3-methylenE-7-methyloctanol-7;2,6-dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol); ethyl vanillin(3-Ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde); cis-3-hexenol(cis-3-hexenol-1-ol);isoraldeine 70 (alpha-n-methylionone; cyclocitrylidene methyl ethylketone); and oryclone special (4-tertbutylcyclohexyl acetate).
 79. Amethod for decreasing females' perception of female malodor comprisingapplying a deodorant composition to a female, wherein the deodorantcomposition comprises a cross-adapting agent selected from the groupconsisting of: agrumex (2-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate); l-carvone(1-1menthyl-4-iso -propenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-one; carvol);ambrettolide(cyclohexadec-7-enolide); α-damascone(1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one); evernyl (methyl2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate; 4-ally1-2-methoxyphenol;4-allylguaiacol); GLOBALIDE® (oxacyclohexadecen-2-one); hexyl salicylate(hexyl-2-hydroxybenzoate); and H&R odor neutralizer (D61012); andwherein the application of the deodorant composition reduces females'perception of the female malodor more than it reduces males' perceptionof the female malodor.
 80. The method of claim 79, wherein thecross-adapting agent is selected from the group consisting of: agrumex(2-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate); and l-carvone(1-1menthyl-4-iso-propenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-one; carvol).
 81. The methodof claim 79, wherein the deodoarant composition comprises across-adapting agent selected from the group consisting of: agrumex(2-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate); ambrettolide(cyclohexadec-7-enolide);evernyl (methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate; 4-allyl-2-GLOBALIDE®(oxacyclohexadecen-2-one); and hexyl salicylate(hexyl-2-hydroxybenzoate).
 82. The method of claim 79, wherein thedeodorant composition comprises at least two cross-adapting agentsselected from the group consisting of: agrumex (2-tert-butyl cyclohexylacetate); l-carvone (1-1menthyl-4-iso-propenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-one;carvol); ambrettolide(cyclohexadec-7-enolide); α-damascone(1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one); evernyl (methyl2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate; 4-ally1-2-methoxyphenol;4-allylguaiacol); GLOBALIDE® (oxacyclohexadecen-2-one); hexyl salicylate(hexyl-2-hydroxybenzoate); and H&R odor neutralizer (D61012).
 83. Themethod of claim 82, wherein the deodorant composition comprises at leastthree cross-adapting agents selected from the group consisting ofagrumex (2-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate); l-carvone(1-1menthyl-4-iso-propenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-one; carvol);ambrettolide(cyclohexadec-7-enolide); a-damascone(1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one); evernyl (methyl2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate; 4-ally1-2-methoxyphenol;4-allylguaiacol); GLOBALIDE® (oxacyclohexadecen-2-one); hexyl salicylate(hexyl-2-hydroxybenzoate); and H&R odor neutralizer (D61012).
 84. Themethod of claim 83, wherein the deodorant composition comprises: agrumex(2-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate); ambrettolide(cyclohexadec-7-enolide);evernyl (methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate; 4-allyl-2-GLOBALIDE®(oxacyclohexadecen-2-one); and hexyl salicylate(hexyl-2-hydroxybenzoate).
 85. A method whereby males' perceive maleodor more than females perceive the male odor comprising applying anattractive fragrance to a male comprising the cross-adapting agent roseoxide he (4-methyl-2-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran), wherebyapplication of the attractive fragrance allows males' to perceive themale odor more than females perceive the male odor; or a method wherebyfemales perceive male odor more than males perceive the male odorcomprising applying an attractive fragrance to a female comprising across-adapting agent selected from the group consisting of: agrumex(2-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate); C14 aldehyde (1,4 undecanolide;gamma-undecalactone); CEDRAMBER® (cedryl methyl ether); dynascone 10(1-(5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)4-penten-1-one); eugenol(2-methoxy-1-hydroxy-4-allylbenzene); floropal(2,4,6-trimethyl-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane); GLOBALIDE®(oxacyclohexadecen-2-one); isoananat (acetic-acid,(cyclohexyloxy)-,2-propenyl-ester); menthyl acetate rf (4-menthyl-3-ylacetate); mugetanol (1-(4-isopropylcyclohexyl)ethanol); nerolione(1-(3-bethyl-2-benzofuranyl)-ethanone); oryclone special(4-tertbutylcyclohexyl acetate); Z-isomer of 3-methyl-2-pentenoic acidethyl ester; Rosaphen® (2-methyl-5-phenylpentan-1-ol); isobornylcyclohexanol (isobornyl cyclohexanol); Sandranol®(2-ethyl-4-(2,2,3-trimethyl-3-cyclopenten-1-yl)-2-buten-1-ol);tetrahydro linalool(3,7-Dimethyloctan-3-ol); and tonalide(7-Acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyltetralin); whereby application of theattractive fragrance allows females to perceive the male odor more thanmales perceive the male odor; or a method whereby males perceive femaleodor more than females perceive the female odor comprising applying anattractive fragrance to a female comprising a cross-adapting agentselected from the group consisting of: agrumex (2-tert-butyl cyclohexylacetate); ambrettolide (cyclohexadec-7-enolide); α-damascone(1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-buten-1-one); evernyl (methyl2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoate; 4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol;4-allylguaiacol); GLOBALIDE® (oxacyclohexadecen-2-one); hexyl salicylate(hexyl-2-hydroxybenzoate); and H&R odor neutralizer (D61012); wherebyapplication of the attractive fragrance allows males to perceive thefemale odor more than females perceive the female odor; or a methodwhereby females perceive female odor more than males perceive femaleodor comprising applying an attractive fragrance to a female comprisinga cross-adapting agent selected from the group consisting of: ethylvanillin (3-Ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde); FARENAL®(2,6,10-trimethyl-9-undecenal); floropal(2,4,6-trimethyl-4-phenyl-1,3-dioxane); GLOBANONE®(cyclohexadecen-5-one-1; cyclohexadecenone); hexylcinnamic aldehyde(alpha-hexylcinnamaldehyde); β-ionone(4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one); isoananat(acetic-acid, (cyclohexyloxy)-,2-propenyl-ester); isoraldeine 70(alpha-n-methylionone; cyclocitrylidene methyl ethyl ketone); lilial(p-tert-butyl-alpha-methyldihydrocinnamaic aldehyde); lyral(4-(4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl)-3-cyclohexenE-1-carboxaldehyde));MAJANTOL® (2,2-dimethyl-3-(methylphenyl)propanol); oryclone special(4-tertbutylcyclohexyl acetate); patchouli oil (pogostemon patchoulipell.); phenylethyl alcohol (2-phenylethyl alcohol); E-isomer of3-methyl-2-octenoic acid ethyl ester; and Rosaphen®(2-methyl-5-phenylpentan-1-ol; whereby application of the attractivefragrance allows females to perceive the female odor more than malesperceive the female odor.